At Sandia National Laboratories, the Energy Storage Analysis Laboratory, in conjunction with the Energy Storage Test Pad, provides independent testing and validation of electrical energy storage systems at the individual cell level up to megawatt-scale systems.
Performance testing is a critical component of safe and reliable deployment of energy storage systems on the electric power grid. Specific performance tests can be applied to individual battery cells or to integrated energy storage systems.
The goal of the stored energy test is to calculate how much energy can be supplied discharging, how much energy must be supplied recharging, and how efficient this cycle is. The test procedure applied to the DUT is as follows: Specify charge power Pcha and discharge power Pdis Preconditioning (only performed before testing starts):
Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are expected to be an integral component of future electric grid solutions. Testing is needed to verify that new BESS products comply with grid standards while delivering the performance expected for utility applications.
Challenges in Energy Storage Performance Testing Battery cell performance testing is well developed for use in personal devices, automotive applications, and even backup power supply applications; however, it is not as developed for grid supportive applications.
Performance, in this context, can be defined as how well a BESS supplies a specific service. The various applications for energy storage systems (ESSs) on the grid are discussed in Chapter 23: Applications and Grid Services. A useful analogy of technical performance is miles per gallon (mpg) in internal combustion engine vehicles.
Conformance may be established through combination of type, production, and commissioning tests. Additionally, requirements on installation evaluation and periodic tests are included in this standard. IEEE’s Smart Grid provides all if not most information about smart grid. IEEE has been at the forefront of the global smart grid movement.